Moringa
CLINICAL STUDIES ON THE FOLLOWING INGREDIENTS:
Moringa oleifera: An Updated Comprehensive Review of Its Pharmacological Activities, Ethnomedicinal, Phytopharmaceutical Formulation, Clinical, Phytochemical, and Toxicological Aspects
Abstract
This review analyzes worldwide research, pharmacological activities, phytochemical, toxicological, and ethnomedicinal updates of Moringa oleifera to provide insight into its commercial and phytopharmaceutical applications and help further research. The scientific information on this plant was obtained from various sites and search engines. Pharmacological studies confirm the hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and anti-inflammatory potential of the extracts from the various plant parts.
Methods: This review analyzes worldwide research, pharmacological activities, phytochemical, toxicological, and ethnomedicinal updates of Moringa oleifera to provide insight into its commercial and phytopharmaceutical applications and help further research. The scientific information on this plant was obtained from various sites and search engines. Pharmacological studies confirm the hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and anti-inflammatory potential of the extracts from the various plant parts.
Results: It was found that bioactive constituents are present in every part of the plant. More than one hundred compounds from different parts of Moringa oleifera have been characterized, including alkaloids, flavonoids, anthraquinones, vitamins, glycosides, and terpenes.
Conclusion: The traditional and nontraditional use of Moringa, its pharmacological effects and their phytopharmaceutical formulations, clinical studies, toxicity profile, and various other uses are recognized in the present review. However, several traditional uses have yet to be scientifically explored. Therefore, further studies are proposed to explore the mechanistic approach of the plant to identify and isolate active or synergistic compounds behind its therapeutic potential.
Source: Pareek, A., Pant, M., Gupta, M. M., Kashania, P., Ratan, Y., Jain, V., Pareek, A., & Chuturgoon, A. A. (2023). Moringa oleifera: An Updated Comprehensive Review of Its Pharmacological Activities, Ethnomedicinal, Phytopharmaceutical Formulation, Clinical, Phytochemical, and Toxicological Aspects. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(3), 2098.
Moringa Isothiocyanate-rich Seed Extract Delays the Onset of Diabetes in UC Davis Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats
Abstract
This study evaluated the efficacy of an isothiocyanate-rich moringa seed extract (MS) in delaying the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in UC Davis T2DM rats. The results showed that MS supplementation delayed the onset of diabetes, lowered plasma glucose, and lowered HbA1c compared with control animals. The conclusion is that MS can delay the onset of diabetes in the UC Davis T2DM rat model to a greater extent than moderate caloric restriction.
Methods: UC Davis T2DM rats were divided into three groups: control, MS at 0.4%, and a weight-matched group. Rats were fed respective diets for 8 months, during which energy intake, body weight, the onset of diabetes circulating hormones, metabolites and markers of inflammation and liver function, were monitored.
Results: UCD T2DM rats supplemented with MS in their diet exhibited a delay in the onset of diabetes compared with CON (p = 0.027). Fasting glucose and HbA1c concentrations were lower in MS rats over the course of the four months compared with the control group (p = 0.043, p = 0.008, respectively). No significant differences in plasma concentrations of the liver enzymes: ALT or AST were observed between groups.
Conclusion: MS can delay the onset of diabetes in the UC Davis T2DM rat model to a greater extent than moderate caloric restriction. The results support its documented traditional uses and a bioactive role of moringa isothiocyanates and suggest the potential efficacy for moringa supplementation for diabetes management in populations at risk for T2DM.
Source: Waterman, C., Graham, J. L., Arnold, C. D., Stanhope, K. L., Tong, J. H., Jaja-Chimedza, A., & Havel, P. J. (2020). Moringa Isothiocyanate-rich Seed Extract Delays the Onset of Diabetes in UC Davis Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus Rats. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 8861.
Isothiocyanate-rich Moringa oleifera extract reduces weight gain, insulin resistance and hepatic gluconeogenesis in mice
Abstract
This study evaluated the therapeutic use of moringa isothiocyanates (MICs) from Moringa oleifera in vivo. C57BL/6L mice fed very high fat diet (VHFD) supplemented with 5% moringa concentrate (MC, delivering 66 mg/kg/d of MICs) accumulated less fat mass, had improved glucose tolerance and insulin signaling, and did not develop fatty liver disease compared to VHFD-fed mice. MC-fed group also had reduced plasma insulin, leptin, resistin, cholesterol, IL-1β, TNFα, and lower hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) expression.
Methods: C57BL/6L mice were fed a very high fat diet (VHFD) supplemented with 5% moringa concentrate (MC), or a VHFD control diet. Fat mass, glucose tolerance, and insulin signaling were measured. In hepatoma cells, MC and MICs inhibited gluconeogenesis and G6P expression.
Results: MC and MICs at low micromolar concentrations inhibited gluconeogenesis and G6P expression in hepatoma cells. MC-fed group also had reduced plasma insulin, leptin, resistin, cholesterol, IL-1β, TNFα, and lower hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) expression.
Conclusion: Data suggest that MICs are the main anti-obesity and anti-diabetic bioactives of MC, and that they exert their effects by inhibiting rate-limiting steps in liver gluconeogenesis resulting in direct or indirect increase in insulin signaling and sensitivity. These conclusions suggest that MC may be an effective dietary food for the prevention and treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Source: Waterman, C., Rojas-Silva, P., Boyunegmez Tumer, T., Kuhn, P., Richard, A. J., Wicks, S., Stephens, J. M., Wang, Z., Mynatt, R., Cefalu, W., & Raskin, I. (2015). Isothiocyanate-rich Moringa oleifera extract reduces weight gain, insulin resistance and hepatic gluconeogenesis in mice. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 59(6), 1013–1024
Stable, water extractable isothiocyanates from Moringa oleifera leaves attenuate inflammation in vitro
Abstract
This study developed a moringa concentrate (MC) by extracting fresh Moringa oleifera leaves with water, utilizing naturally occurring myrosinase to convert four moringa glucosinolates into moringa isothiocyanates (MICs). The optimized MC contained 1.66% isothiocyanates and significantly reduced inflammatory markers in RAW macrophages. These results suggest a potential for stable and concentrated moringa isothiocyanates, delivered in MC as a food-grade product, to alleviate low-grade inflammation associated with chronic diseases.
Methods: Fresh Moringa oleifera leaves were extracted with water to create a moringa concentrate (MC), optimizing conditions for the bioconversion of glucosinolates to isothiocyanates. Stability and anti-inflammatory activity of MC were assessed.
Results: Optimized MC contained 1.66% isothiocyanates and 3.82% total polyphenols. 4-[(4′-O-acetyl-α-L-rhamnosyloxy)benzyl]isothiocyanate exhibited 80% stability at 37 °C for 30 days. MC, and both of the isothiocyanates described above significantly decreased gene expression and production of inflammatory markers in RAW macrophages. Specifically, both attenuated expression of iNOS and IL-1β and production of nitric oxide and TNFα at 1 and 5 μM.
Conclusion: This study describes a simple reagent-free method for bioconversion of moringa GLSs into ITCs and preparation of a stable isothiocyanate-enriched, food-grade extract from moringa leaves (MC). In vitro results indicated a possible decrease in inflammatory markers of macrophages which further enhanced the effectiveness of MC.
Keywords: moringa oleifera, isothiocyanates, diabetes, insulin resistance, obesity
Source: Waterman, C., Cheng, D. M., Rojas-Silva, P., Poulev, A., Dreifus, J., Lila, M. A., & Raskin, I. (2014). Stable, water extractable isothiocyanates from Moringa oleifera leaves attenuate inflammation in vitro. Phytochemistry, 103, 114–122.
Nutritional and Antioxidant Properties of Moringa oleifera Leaves in Functional Foods
Abstract
This study assesses the chemical composition, amino acid, fatty acid, and mineral content of Moringa oleifera leaves, along with their antioxidant capacity and mineral bioaccessibility. It reports high protein content and low lipid content, and high bioaccessibility of Ca and Fe. Moringa oleifera can be incorporated into the diet as a functional ingredient or as a fortifier of any kind of food due to its minerals, phenolics, proteins, unsaturated fats, and folates.
Methods: Moringa oleifera powder was analyzed for moisture, total organic matter, total protein content, total fat content, and fiber. The antioxidant activity of the moringa extracts was evaluated following three different methods: Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and the radical cation scavenging capacity against ABTS+ (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)) radical. Total phenolic content and the mineral content was measured as well.
Results: The analysis reported a high content of proteins and low content of lipids in the chemical composition. Regarding the mineral content, Ca and Fe presented high bioaccessibility; K, S, Ca, and Fe being the most concentrated elements. The obtained values using FRAP, ABTS, and ORAC methods showed high antioxidant capacity, directly related to the increased content of phenolic compounds.
Conclusion: Moringa oleifera can be incorporated into the diet as a functional ingredient or as a fortifier of any kind of food. The important source of minerals, phenolics, proteins, unsaturated fats, and folates make it an excellent extract with beneficial properties.
Keywords: moringa, mineral, health, nutrition, chemical composition, bioaccessibility
Source: Peñalver, R., Martínez-Zamora, L., Lorenzo, J. M., Ros, G., & Nieto, G. (2023). Nutritional and Antioxidant Properties of Moringa oleifera Leaves in Functional Foods. Foods, 11(7), 1107.
The effects of Moringa oleifera on blood glucose levels: A scoping review of the literature
Abstract
This scoping review examines the effects of Moringa oleifera on blood glucose levels in rats and humans. A search of multiple databases was performed for articles published between May 1, 2008 and May 1, 2018. The review included thirty studies. Five of seven human studies found that M. oleifera significantly reduced blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. Twenty-one of twenty-three animal studies found that administration of M. oleifera led to a statistically significant decrease in animal blood glucose levels. Although the review found statistical evidence that moringa decreased blood glucose, the evidence is not strong enough to recommend it as the default treatment for people with diabetes.
Methods: A search of electronic databases including Scopus, Ovid Medline, Ovid Embase, IPA, and Web of Science was performed for literature relating to M. oleifera and its ability to affect blood glucose in rats and humans. This search focused on worldwide studies that have been conducted between May 1, 2008 and May 1, 2018.
Results: The literature search identified thirty studies that fell within the inclusion criteria. The studies were conducted in 12 countries. In human studies, moringa was mostly administered in a powdered leaf form, while in animal studies it was frequently administered to as an aqueous or ethanol-based extract.
Conclusion: Currently, there is promising evidence to support a possible beneficial effect of moringa in patients with diabetes. However, because some studies have found little to no significant effects of moringa on blood glucose, the extent and utility of this effect need to be further investigated. Future research involving human subjects would likely provide the most useful information regarding the utility of moringa in the prevention or treatment of Type 2 diabetes.
Source: Owens III, F. S., Dada, O., Cyrus, J. W., Adedoyin, O. O., & Adunlin, G. (2020). The effects of Moringa oleifera on blood glucose levels: A scoping review of the literature. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 52, 102362.
Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Crude Extracts of Moringa oleifera from Kenya and Their Correlations with Flavonoids
Abstract
This work systematically compares the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanol crude extracts of leaves, seeds, and roots of M. oleifera from Kenya, and further correlates the differential activities with the chemical constituents from these three parts. The results showed that the leaf extracts displayed the highest DPPH radical scavenging and FRAP total reducing power activities. Meanwhile, the leaf and seed extracts (11.1–100 µg/mL) also exerted obvious anti-inflammatory activities, as indicated by the inhibition of NO production. To further reveal correlations between these differential activities with the chemical constituents in the three organs, the total flavonoids content (TFC) of the three different extracts were evaluated. These findings indicated the important impacts of the total flavonoid contents on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Methods: The antioxidant activities were measured by using three different assays (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP, respectively). Anti-inflammatory activities were indicated by the inhibition of NO production. The total flavonoids content (TFC) of the three different extracts were evaluated. Additionally, the phytochemical profiles of M. oleifera were determined by HPLC-UV/ESI-MS/MS.
Results: The leaf extracts displayed the highest DPPH radical scavenging and FRAP total reducing power activities with IC50 values of 1.02 ± 0.13 mg/mL and 0.99 ± 0.06 mM Fe2+/g, respectively; the leaf and root extracts exhibited potential ABTS radical scavenging activities with the IC50 values of 1.36 ± 0.02 and 1.24 ± 0.03 mg/mL. The TFC of leaves, seeds and roots were found to be 192.36 ± 2.96, 5.89 ± 0.65 and 106.79 ± 2.12 mg rutin equivalent (RE)/g, respectively. M. oleifera leaves are rich in flavonoids.
Conclusion: The leaves of M. oleifera are a better potential natural source of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents and are very promising for development into the health promoting dietary supplements.
Source: Xu, Y.-B., Chen, G.-L., & Guo, M.-Q. (2019). Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Crude Extracts of Moringa oleifera from Kenya and Their Correlations with Flavonoids. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20(17), 4079.
Moringa oleifera: A review on nutritive importance and its medicinal application
Abstract
This review explores the use of moringa across disciplines for its medicinal value and deals with cultivation, nutrition, commercial and prominent pharmacological properties of this “Miracle Tree”. With its high nutritive values, every part of the tree is suitable for either nutritional or commercial purposes. The leaves are rich in minerals, vitamins and other essential phytochemicals. Extracts from the leaves are used to treat malnutrition, augment breast milk in lactating mothers.
Methods: Not explicitly stated, but the review summarizes and synthesizes information from existing literature and research studies on Moringa oleifera.
Results: Moringa has been shown to cure both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. Moringa can be used as an anticancer agent as it is natural, reliable and safe, at established concentrations. The Moringa seeds also have great coagulant properties and can precipitate organics and mineral particulates out of a solution. Moringa is also used to treat dysentery and colitis. A poultice made from Moringa leaves is a quick remedy for inflammatory conditions such as glandular inflammation, headache, and bronchitis.
Conclusion: M. oleifera has great anti-diabetic and anti-cancer properties. It is essential that the nutrients of this wonder tree are exploited for a variety of purposes. The tree as a native to India can become a great source of income for the nation if this potential for highly nutritional food is exploited by the industries and researchers by undertaking further research to corroborate earlier studies.
Source: Gopalakrishnan, L., Doriya, K., & Kumar, D. S. (2016). Moringa oleifera: A review on nutritive importance and its medicinal application. Food Science and Human Wellness, 5(2), 49–56.
The Potency of Moringa oleifera Lam. as Protective Agent in Cardiac Damage and Vascular Dysfunction
Abstract
This review investigates the potency of phytochemical compounds in Moringa oleifera (MO) as a protective agent against cardiac damage and vascular dysfunction in cardiovascular disease (CVD) models. Studies show that the phytochemical compounds, such as N,α-L-rhamnopyranosyl vincosamide and quercetin, have the molecular function of antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis. These lead to improving cardiac contractility and protecting cardiac structural integrity from damage. These compounds also act as natural vasorelaxants and endothelium protective agents.
Methods: A scoping review was conducted by studying publications from reputed databases that assessed the functional activities of MO, which contribute to the improvement of cardiac and vascular dysfunctions.
Results: Studies show that the phytochemical compounds, for example, N,α-L-rhamnopyranosyl vincosamide and quercetin, have the molecular function of antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and anti-apoptosis. These lead to improving cardiac contractility and protecting cardiac structural integrity from damage. These compounds also act as natural vasorelaxants and endothelium protective agents.
Conclusion: MO has been suggested as anti-apoptosis, improving cardiac contractility and protecting cardiac structural integrity from damage. In addition, MO could act as a cardioprotective by improving inflammation and oxidative stress. Further studies should be applied in a clinical setting.
Source: Alia, F., Putri, M., Anggraeni, N., & Syamsunarno, M. R. A. A. (2022). The Potency of Moringa oleifera Lam. as Protective Agent in Cardiac Damage and Vascular Dysfunction. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12.
Ameliorative effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract against arsenic-induced histo-biochemical alterations in Labeo rohita
Abstract
This study evaluated the efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in mitigating the histo-biochemical alterations in Labeo rohita caused by arsenic. The results suggest the protective and therapeutic roles of M. oleifera as a feed supplement in Labeo rohita against arsenic-induced toxicity.
Methods: A medical plant (Moringa oleifera) known for its numerous pharmacological qualities, was added to three different diets at 0, 2, and 4 % level, prepared by mixing M. oleifera leaf extract with the basal diet. One hundred and eighty healthy individuals of Labeo rohita were divided into four groups.
Results: Fish exposed to arsenic experienced significant histological alterations, higher cortisol levels, impaired antioxidant status, elevated liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP), and upregulated relative expression of the cytochrome P450 gene.".
Conclusion: In fish fed with diets containing 2 % or 4 % M. oleifera leaf extract, the histological alterations were reduced, level of liver enzymes, cortisol and the upregulation of anti-oxidant enzyme and cytochrome P450 gene expression was normalized, with (4 %) M. oleifera leaf extract supplemented diet exhibiting stronger effects.
Source: Khalid, F., Azmat, H., Khan, N., & Saima. (2024). Ameliorative effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract against arsenic induced histo-biochemical alterations in Labeo rohita. Environmental Challenges, 16, 100973.
The effect of Moringa oleifera capsule in increasing breast milk volume in early postpartum patients: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial
Abstract
This study evaluated the efficacy of Moringa oleifera leaves in increasing breast milk volume in early postpartum mothers. The results showed no difference in median breast milk volume on the third day of postpartum between the Moringa oleifera leaf group and the control group (73.5 vs 50 ml, p = 0.19). The exclusive breastfeeding rate at 6 months in the Moringa oleifera group achieved the goals set by the WHO. The conclusion is that Moringa oleifera leaf may be used as a galactagogue herb to increase the volume of breast milk.
Methods: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was conducted. Eighty-eight postpartum women were randomized to either the study group receiving oral Moringa oleifera capsules or to the control group receiving oral placebo capsules.
Results: There was no difference in median breast milk volume on the third day of postpartum between the Moringa oleifera leaf group and the control group (73.5 vs 50 ml, p = 0.19). However, the amount of breast milk in the Moringa oleifera group was 47% more than the one in the control group.
Conclusion: Even 900 mg/day of the Moringa oleifera leaf could not significantly increase breast milk volume in early postpartum mothers, but the amount of breast milk in the Moringa oleifera group was 47% more than the one in the control group. As a result, Moringa oleifera leaf may be used as a galactagogue herb to increase the volume of breast milk.
Source: Fungtammasan, S., & Phupong, V. (2022). The effect of Moringa oleifera capsule in increasing breast milk volume in early postpartum patients: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 61(6), 927–932.
Ameliorative effects of Moringa peregrina leaf extract against arsenic induced histo-biochemical alterations in Labeo rohita
Abstract
This research investigated the anti-obesity and hepatoprotective effects of ethanolic Moringa peregrina leaf extract (MPLE) and bark extracts (MPBE) in rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). The results showed that both doses of MP leaf extract significantly reduced HFD-induced increases in food intake, gained body weight, fat pad weights, glucose and insulin plasma levels, and leptin and resistin serum levels in HFD-fed rats.
Methods: 48 adult male Wister albino rats (200 ± 20 g, 10 weeks old) were used, ethanol extract from the leaves and bark of the Moringa Peregrina plant was obtained to prepare several test diets that were tested on the four groups of test animals.
Results: MP leaf extract improved glucose levels after oral or intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests, reduced serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and the low-density lipoprotein LDL concentration, reduced hepatic triglycerides and cholesterol levels, and increased serum high-density lipoproteins HDL levels and triglycerides and cholesterol levels in fecal.
Conclusion: MPLE showed potential anti-obesity and hepatoprotective activity in HFD-induced obese rats, mediated by reduced lipid absorption, anti-hyperlipidemic effects, and hepatic antioxidant effects.
Source: Alkhudhayri, D. A., Osman, M. A., Alshammari, G. M., Al Maiman, S. A., & Yahya, M. A. (2021). Moringa peregrina leaf extracts produce anti-obesity, hypoglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and hepatoprotective effects on high-fat diet-fed rats. PLoS ONE, 16(6 June), 1–22.
Effect of moringa leaves powder on body weight, glycemic status, lipid profile, and blood pressure in overweight individuals with hyperlipidemia
Abstract
This study examined the effects of moringa on body weight, glycemic status, lipid profile, and blood pressure in overweight, hyperlipidemic human subjects. Findings revealed a significant reduction in carbohydrate, energy, and cholesterol intake in the moringa group compared to baseline values. Body weight, BMI, and waist circumference (WC) were significantly lower (P≤0.05) in the treatment group than in the control group. Additionally, there were significant differences (P≤0.05) in blood pressure, triglyceride levels, and LDL and HDL cholesterol levels between the treatment and control groups.
Methods: The study was designed as a randomized controlled parallel clinical trial. A total of 40 overweight, hyperlipidemic subjects (both sexes), aged 30 to 60 years, were included. Participants were assigned to either the moringa group (n=20) or the control group. The moringa group received capsules containing 0.5 g of powdered moringa leaves, while the control group received capsules containing 0.5 g of corn starch, both administered twice a day for 12 weeks.
Results: The findings revealed a significant reduction in carbohydrate, energy, and cholesterol intake in the moringa group compared to baseline values. Body weight, BMI, and waist circumference (WC) were significantly lower (P≤0.05) in the treatment group than in the control group. Additionally, there were significant differences (P≤0.05) in blood pressure, triglyceride levels, and LDL and HDL cholesterol levels between the treatment and control groups.
Conclusion: A 1 g dose of moringa over 12 weeks effectively reduced body weight, blood pressure, triglycerides, and LDL and HDL cholesterol levels, while a nonsignificant reduction in total cholesterol was observed in overweight subjects with hyperlipidemia. Therefore, moringa may serve as a complementary treatment alongside existing therapies to improve lipid profiles in hyperlipidemic patients.
Source: Munir, M., Khan, I., Almutairi, N. S., Almutairi, A. H., Khan, B., & Mehboob, N. (2024). Effect of moringa leaves powder on body weight, glycemic status, lipid profile, and blood pressure in overweight individuals with hyperlipidemia.
The Effect of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) Leaf Juice on Blood Sugar Levels in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Outpatients at Babah Buloh Public Health Center, North Aceh District
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of Moringa leaf juice on blood sugar levels among type II diabetes mellitus outpatients. The results showed that Moringa leaf juice had a significant effect on reducing blood sugar levels in type II diabetes mellitus patients. It is recommended that Moringa leaf juice be considered as a complementary therapy for managing blood glucose levels in diabetic patients.
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted using a pretest–posttest control group design from December 7 to 14, 2024. The intervention lasted for seven consecutive days, during which blood glucose levels were measured using the Easy Touch glucometer. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and independent t-tests.
Results: In the intervention group, the average blood sugar level decreased from 182.1 mg/dL to 166.3 mg/dL, with a mean reduction of 15.7 mg/dL. In the control group, levels decreased from 177.8 mg/dL to 170.5 mg/dL, with a mean reduction of 6.7 mg/dL.
Conclusion: Moringa leaf juice had a significant effect on reducing blood sugar levels in type II diabetes mellitus patients in the Babah Buloh Health Center working area in 2024.
Source: Zuhra, N., & Junita, D. (2024). The Effect of Moringa (Moringa oleifera) Leaf Juice on Blood Sugar Levels in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Outpatients at Babah Buloh Public Health Center, North Aceh District.
Efficacy and safety on Moringa oleifera on blood glucose and lipid profile: A meta-analysis
Abstract
This meta-analysis assesses the effects of Moringa oleifera (MO) consumption on blood glucose levels and lipid profiles in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs. The pooled results showed a significant reduction in fasting blood sugar (FBS) and postprandial glucose (PPG) and no significant change in HbA1C, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Moreover, MO treatment increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level significantly. The study concluded that MO treatment decreased FBS, PPG levels and increases HDL level.
Methods: A comprehensive systematic review was performed by searching the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Thai Library Integrated System databases up to December 2019 without any language restrictions by two independent authors. The DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model method was used to pool the results.
Results: Seven trials with 257 participants and treatment duration of 28–90 days were included. The pooled results showed a significant reduction in fasting blood sugar (FBS; weighted mean difference [WMD]: −14.81 mg/dL) and postprandial glucose (PPG) (WMD − 64.73 mg/dL) and no significant change in HbA1C. MO treatment increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level significantly (WMD 2.15 mg/dL).
Conclusion: The results of our study suggested that MO treatment decreased FBS, PPG levels and increase HDL level. However, the long-term benefits and safety of the treatment remain to be determined.
Keywords: Blood glucose, efficacy, lipid profile, meta-analysis, Moringa oleifera, safety
Source: Phimarn, W., Sungthong, B., & Wichaiyo, K. (2021). Efficacy and safety on Moringa oleifera on blood glucose and lipid profile: A meta-analysis. Pharmacognosy Magazine, 17(74), 373–378.
Moringa oleifera is a Prominent Source of Nutrients with Potential Health Benefits
Abstract
This review focuses on the use of Moringa oleifera as a potential ingredient in food products. The aim is to focus the use of Moringa oleifera as a potential ingredient in food products. It is rich in macro- and micronutrients and other bioactive compounds which are important for normal functioning of the body and prevention of certain diseases.
Methods: Not explicitly stated, but the review synthesizes information from existing literature and research studies on Moringa oleifera.
Results: Leaves, flowers, seeds, and almost all parts of this tree are edible and have immense therapeutic properties including antidiabetic, anticancer, antiulcer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant.
Conclusion: The identification, isolation, and standardization of plant extracts may be considered for detailed studies which can be useful for the further development of the promising food products with health benefits and nutrients to cure different life style-related diseases as well as malnutrition.
Source: Islam, Z., Islam, S. M. R., Hossen, F., Mahtab-ul-Islam, K., Hasan, M. R., & Karim, R. (2021). Moringa oleifera is a Prominent Source of Nutrients with Potential Health Benefits. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(16), 8373.
The Primacy of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) in Boosting Nutrition Status and Immunity Defence Amidst the COVID-19 Catastrophe: A Perspective
Abstract
This review acknowledges the potential of miraculous Moringa oleifera Lam. against the recently evolved novel coronavirus and accompanying health complications. Moringa, a well-proven super-food, densely packed with an abundant quantity of 92 minerals, several vitamins, 46 antioxidants, and numerous bioactive compounds, thus owns a massive therapeutic potential for healing all levels of nutritional deficiencies and poor immunities and cure above 300 diseases. Thus it may reduce the severity of COVID-19 infections and associated serious medical emergencies.
Methods: The information on the topic was retrieved from peer-reviewed articles downloaded through various search engines, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Research gate and Scopus and many more. Different keyword combinations were used for retrieving the desired piece of information. Based on the scientific studies done on nutritional and therapeutic potential of M. oleifera, a perspective have been made in this review for boosting nutrition status and immunity defence amidst the ongoing COVID-19 disaster.
Results: Moringa acts as anti-asthmatic, anti-cancerous, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, hypotensive, hepatic, renal and cardio-protective, and anti-viral in nature. The immune-modulatory properties and viral inhibiting nature of moringa contribute to reduced risk of COVID-19 infection and quicker recovery from its symptoms.
Conclusion: As per the existing pieces of literature, it is a great time to harness the esteemed moringa for safeguarding people from the terrible ongoing COVID-19 situation and other future pandemics.
Source: Anuragi, H., Singhal, R. K., Tanveer, Y., Yasmin, H., Srijan, A., Bharati, A., Chand, L., Taria, S., Rajarajan, K., Ram, A., Handa, A. K., Arunachalam, A., Hakeem, K. R., Özbilici, D., & EL Sabagh, A. (2022). The Primacy of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) in Boosting Nutrition Status and Immunity Defence Amidst the COVID-19 Catastrophe: A Perspective. Phyton, 91(2), 275–301.
Moringa Tree, Gift of Nature: a Review on Nutritional and Industrial Potential
Abstract
This review describes the morphology, occurrence, and distribution of Moringa sp., chemical constitutions of Moringa leaves, its potential as anticancer, antidiabetes, and antimicrobial agent and as a nutritional supplement and the commercial future of various products. This review takes into account some joint efforts of NASI, Allahabad-funded project to use these Moringa leaves for different formulations and its popularization efforts for malnutrition eradication in tribal.
Methods: Not explicitly stated, but the review gathers and synthesizes information from existing literature on the Moringa plant.
Results: The Moringa leaves contain almost all essential nutrients, growth factors, vitamins, amino acids, proteins, minerals, and metals like potassium, iron, and zinc. The extracts function as antioxidants, antimicrobial, and anticancer agents, in addition to having all the nutritional supplements for malnutrioned subjects.
Conclusion: The properties of Moringa will help support the people by its application in the world market, its commercial future, malnutrition eradication, by making it available to poor population in an economical manner.
Source: Patil, S. V., Mohite, B. V., Marathe, K. R., Salunkhe, N. S., Marathe, V., & Patil, V. S. (2022). Moringa Tree, Gift of Nature: a Review on Nutritional and Industrial Potential. SN Applied Sciences, 4(5), 118.
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